Application Of NPK Fertilizer Research Articles

Effect of fertilization and microbial preparations on productivity of chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.)

The aim of the study was to optimize the nutritional status and increase the productivity of chickpeas through the application of mineral and organic-mineral fertilizers as well as microbial preparations based on nitrogen–fixing, phosphorus–mobilizing, and potassium-mobilizing microorganisms. The research was conducted in 2019-2021 in the Poltava Research Agricultural Station (Ukraine). NPK fertilizers were applied at a dose, of 20, 80, and 80 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Before sowing, the seeds were inoculated with the microbial preparation BiNitro Chickpea (BN) and Biofosforyn (BF). Foliar feeding was carried out with the microfertilizer Freya–Aqua™ C(12) Legumes (F). The development of chickpea leaf area and the intensity of organic matter production were largely determined by the supply of the main macronutrients to the plants. The introduction of NPK significantly increased leaf area and net photosynthetic productivity, while the effect of BN, BF, and F on the values of these indices was not significant. Their effect was manifested during the accumulation of aboveground biomass and the formation of yield structure elements. An increase in the seed yield was shown in relation to the application of NPK, microbial preparations, and micronutrient fertilizers. Regardless of the NPK, the highest yield was shown in the variant of the combination of BN+BF+F.

Enhancing Sesame Yield in Arid Conditions through NPK Fertilizer Optimization

Sesame, an important oilseed crop and valuable source of protein, plays a central role in global agriculture. This study, conducted during the 2021-2022 Kharif season at Karor Adaptive Research Farm (ARF), Layyah, Pakistan, aimed to optimize the use of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) fertilizers to increase sesame yield under dry conditions. Our research aimed to determine the most effective application rates of NPK fertilizer (34:24:12) kg/acre for sesame variety TH-6 in the region, consistent with the objectives of maximizing sesame yield and biomass accumulation. The experimental design RCBD included multiple treatments, with meticulous attention to plot sizes, replicates, and robust data collection and analysis methods. These measures ensure the reliability of our results and their potential applicability to similar agroclimatic conditions. The use of NPK fertilizer at the rate of (113:113:60) kg ha-1 in ARF gave promising results. A maximum grain yield of 765.3 kg ha-1 was observed in 2021, exceeding the yield of 738.6 kg ha-1 in 2022. Similarly, the use of NPK (113:113:60) kg ha-1 in a farmer's field resulted in a maximum grain yield of 828.6 kg ha-1 in 2021, as opposed to 702.6 kg ha-1 in 2022. These results highlight the potential of NPK fertilizer application combined with optimal field practices to increase sesame yield and its components under the challenging agro-climatic conditions of Karor, Layyah. The discussion interprets the results and emphasizes the importance of NPK fertilizers for sesame cultivation. Although our primary focus is not on climate discussions, the consistent methodology in both years, from sowing to harvesting, revealed significant differences in yield and growth parameters, leading to climate change being considered as a potential contributing factor. This study shows that the application of NPK fertilizer at the rate of (113:113:60) kg ha-1 can significantly increase sesame yield under adverse conditions.

Enhancement of Growth and Yield of Cotton by Organic and Inorganic Nutrients with Phytohormone

Cotton is an important fibre and cash crop in India, contributing significantly to the country's industrial and agricultural economies. It provides the textile industry with its main raw material (cotton fibre). Cotton in India is a direct source of income for 6 million farmers, while the cotton trade and processing employs approximately 40-50 million people. Agriculture in the twenty-first century has encountered numerous hurdles in meeting the expanding population's food and fibre needs. Humans will confront greater challenges in meeting their requirements as the population grows to reach nine billion by 2050. A field experiment was conducted in Farmer’s Field at Jayapuram Village, Natrampalli Taluk in Thirupathur District during Aug-Jan (2021-22) to investigate the effect of soil application of NPK fertilizers, Zn-enriched compost and foliar spray of ZnO2 and NAA on enhancement of cotton yield and quality in sandy loam soil. Fertilizers (N: P2O5: K2O) were sprayed at the appropriate dose (60:30:30 kg ha-1) using Urea, SSP, and MOP. Zn-enriched compost (Zn-EC) was treated at 1.0 t ha-1 as a basal one week before sowing. As per treatment. ZnO2 at 0.1% was applied twice during the vegetative and blooming periods of the crop. The treatment included spraying NAA at 40 ppm twice during flowering and boll formation. Cotton cv. Sabari was cultivated as a test crop using suggested cultural methods. The highest seed cotton yield of 1813.73 kg ha-1 was observed with application of 75% RDF + Zn EC @ 1.0 t ha-1 + ZnO2 @ 0.1%+ NAA @ 40 ppm (T9). the present investigation clearly concluded that 75% RDF + Zn EC @ 1.0 t ha-1 + ZnO2 @ 0.1%+ NAA @ 40 ppm (T9) was the best treatment for enhancing growth, yield, quality and nutrient uptake by cotton cv. Sabari. The study examined how different treatments affected growth, yield characteristics, quality, and soil health.

Influenced Quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Abate the Environmental Pollution by Soil Applied with Foliar Fertilization of NPK Fertilizer in Saline Soil

A field experiment to assess different levels and methods of NPK fertilizer application on wheat crop was conducted on loamy sand soil at Instructional farm, College of Agriculture, Bikaner during rabi season of 2019-2020. The trial was laid out in split plot design and replicated three times. A total of 20 treatment combinations comprises A. Main plot : four RDF levels prior to sowing viz., F0 = Absolute control, F1= 50% RDF, F2= 75 % RDF and F2= 100 % RDF and B. Sub plot : five foliar fertilization levels of soluble NPK (1%) namely S0= no fertilization (control), S1= two spray (At 45and 60 DAS), S2= three foliar spray (At 45, 60 and 75 DAS), S3= four foliar spray (At 45, 60, 75 and 90 DAS). Basal application of 100% RDF with three foliar spray of soluble NPK (19:19:19) at 45, 60 and 75 DAS gave significantly higher average grain and straw yield and N, P, K content and uptake in grain and straw than other treatments, including control.

Impact of Different Nutrient Management Strategies for Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Uptake and Availability in Chilli (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L.)

A field investigation was carried out at the experimental farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, CSKHPKV, Bajaura (Kullu), Himachal Pradesh during kharif, 2022. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications comprising 12 treatment combinations of NPK fertilizers, biofertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB), organic and natural farming on chilli variety ‘Him Palam Mirch-2’. Different nutrient management practices significantly influenced NPK uptake and soil available N, P and K. The results revealed that treatment combination of 100% NPK + 10t vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB recorded significantly the N (1.260%), P (0.156%) and K (1.387%) content in chilli stalk, N (1.870%), P (0.447%) and K (0.865%) content in chilli fruit, total uptake of N (132.34 kg ha-1), P (26.32 kg ha-1) and K (90.60 kg ha-1) by chilli crop. At the end of the experiment, treatment combination of 100% NPK + 10t vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB recorded maximum available N in the soil while maximum P and K was recorded in treatment combination of 100% NPK + 10t vermicompost + PSB. Natural farming practice recorded lowest soil available N, P, nutrient content and uptake while organic farming practice recorded lowest value of soil available. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combined application of NPK fertilizers and organic inputs coupled with biofertilizers proved the best for NPK uptake and soil available N, P and K.

Performance of Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Varieties to Wood Ash and NPK Fertilizer on Flowering, Cherelle Wilt and Pod Yield

Experiments were conducted to evaluate NPK fertilizer and wood-ash application on flowering, cherelle performance and pod yield of cacao (Theobobroma cacao L). Treatments includes NPK 15.15.15; NPK + wood-ash; sole wood-ash and control with five cacao varieties (TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4, and TC6) in a 4x5 factorial experiment with three replications. Data were measured on flowering, cherelle formation, and pod development. From the results, flowering, cherelle formation and pod development were significantly enhanced by application of NPK, sole wood-ash and their combinations over control plots. Application of wood-ash alone significantly enhanced flowering, cherelle formation and pod development in both seasons over other fertilizer treatments. However, cherelle wilt under sole application of wood-ash was significantly higher compared to sole NPK and NPK + wood-ash combinations.  Interaction effects of fertilizer and cacao varieties had significant positive effects on flower development and reduced cherelle wilt in both light and main crop seasons. Interactions of wood-ash and cacao varieties were found to significantly enhanced cherelle formation and pod development. The study concludes that NPK, NPK + wood-ash and sole wood-ash treatments significantly enhanced flowering, cherelle formation and pod development in cacao over the control. Also, cherelle with rate drop significantly with integration of NPK+wood-ash

Impact of varied rates of NPK fertilizer on the microbial diversity of Jatropha zeyheri tea leaves under greenhouse conditions

Fertilization of Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) is an effective strategy for improving tea yield and quality. Even though, NPK fertilization enhances tea yield and quality, addressing soil deficiencies to boost growth, but also impacts soil microbes, influencing nutrient cycling and yield. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of different NPK fertilizer application rates on microbial composition of J. zeyheri tea under greenhouse conditions. Six treatments constituting NPK fertilizer rates (2:3:2 ratio) @ 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 g were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with five replications. 130 days after initiating treatments, leaves were harvested and oven-dried for 72 h at a temperature of 60°C. After laboratory preparations, microorganisms on tea leaves were determined by the principle most probable number using the Tempo reader (BioMerieux, Rodolphe, Durham, United States) instrument. Treatments had a highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) on Bacillus cereus contributing 39% in total treatment variation (TTV), whereas increasing NPK fertilizer rates had significant effects (P ≤ 0.05) on Enterobacteriaceae contributing 58% in TTV. Increasing rates of NPK fertilizer did not influence total coliforms contained in J. zeyheri tea leaf tissues. Bacillus cereus and Enterobacteriaceae over increasing NPK fertilizer rates exhibited positive quadratic relations, with density dependent growth pattern. Fertilizer requirements for Bacillus cereus and Enterobacteriaceae under greenhouse conditions were optimized at 1.75 g fertilizer/plant. In conclusion, Bacillus cereus and Enterobacteriaceae were affected by increasing NPK fertilizer rates.

The growth tree saplings Shorea platyclados with various shades and NPK fertilizer

Shorea platyclados, known to the public as Meranti Bukit, is one of the species whose existence is difficult to find, so efforts are needed for its preservation, namely by propagation techniques with natural saplings that are expected to produce optimal growth.S. platyclados, including types that can grow with a light intensity of 30–50% and therefore require shade for early growth, needs NPK fertilizer to get optimal growth. This study aims to obtain the appropriate dose of NPK fertilizer and optimum light requirements for the growth of natural saplings by measuring the percent of life, height, diameter, and number of leaves. The design used is a random group design (rack) with 5 additional treatments of NPK fertilizer doses, namely control (0 gr), 0.25 gr, 0.50 gr, 0.75 gr, and 1 gr, and 4 shade blocks, namely without shade (0%), shade 50%, shade 60%, and shade 70%. The results showed that the application of NPK fertilizer significantly affected the number of leaves. The result is an increase in the number of leaves at a dose of 1 g with a value of 17 (strands) and 0.75 g with a value of 15 (strands). The provision of shade blocks has a significant effect on the diameter parameters. The best result is an increase in diameter at 70% shade, with an average diameter of 1,984 mm. NPK fertilizer application shows a 100% life percentage, and shade application shows a 100% life percentage.

Integrated use of organic and synthetic fertilizers improves soil functioning, growth, yield and quality attributes of maize

The combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers may prove to be an excellent option for maintaining soil health, increasing fertilizer use efficiency, and improving crop quality and yield of maize. So, with this objective in mind a pot experiment was conducted to find out the effectiveness of organic and synthetic fertilizers on the yield and quality of maize crop. Two organic fertilizer levels (FYM and Press-mud @ 2% and 4% of each) were tested separately and in combination with recommended NPK fertilizers (160: 80: 60 kg ha-1). The experimental units were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. The results showed that the combined use of NPK + press mud @ 4% caused a significant increase in grain numbers per cob (8.6%), weight of grains per cob (11.5%), grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, stalk yield, and oil and protein contents up to 11.5%, 6.3%, 19.7%, 12.6% and 12.0%, respectively as compared to the control treatment. The oil and protein contents were also improved significantly over the sole application of NPK fertilizer. Soil health was also improved due to the combined use of synthetic fertilizer with 4% press mud and 2% FYM. It is concluded that integrated use of NPK fertilizers and press mud @ 4% not only increased the quality and yield of maize, but it also improved soil health.

Effect of pineapple waste biochar and compost application on the growth and yield of pineapple varieties in Ghana

IntroductionBiochar is one of the commonly used soil amendments for sustainable agriculture. The effect of biochar on crop yields depends on the quality of the biochar, which is influenced by feedstock type and pyrolysis conditions. Sole application of pineapple waste biochar and compost, and their combination has not been rigorously investigated. In this study, we investigated the effects of pineapple waste biochar and compost applied solely or in combination on growth and yield of pineapple on a coastal savanna Acrisol in Ghana.MethodsThe split-plot design with three replications was used, with pineapple varieties as the main plot and fertilizer application rates as the sub-plots.Results and discussionThe results showed that sole application of biochar and compost or their combination as a soil amendment increased pineapple growth and yield as compared to the unamended soil. Biochar applied in combination with compost/or inorganic NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) fertilizer significantly increased plant height and the number of leaves of pineapple plant, which resulted in improved fruits yield of the three (sugar loaf, MD2 and smooth cayenne) pineapple varieties at maturity over control, sole application of biochar, compost and inorganic NPK fertilizer. The Smooth cayenne variety outperformed MD2 and Sugar loaf variety.ConclusionIn conclusion, the results revealed that biochar applied solely or in addition to compost or inorganic NPK fertilizer has the capability to enhance soil quality and improve pineapple yield. Application of biochar in combination with compost/or inorganic NPK improves pineapple growth and yield.

Effect of nitrogen reduction by chemical fertilization with green manure (Vicia sativa L.) on soil microbial community, nitrogen metabolism and and yield of Uncaria rhynchophylla by metagenomics.

Uncaria rhynchophylla is an important herbal medicine, and the predominant issues affecting its cultivation include a single method of fertilizer application and inappropriate chemical fertilizer application. To reduce the use of inorganic nitrogen fertilization and increase the yield of Uncaria rhynchophylla, field experiments in 2020-2021 were conducted. The experimental treatments included the following categories: S1, no fertilization; S2, application of chemical NPK fertilizer; and S3-S6, application of chemical fertilizers and green manures, featuring nitrogen fertilizers reductions of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%, respectively. The results showed that a moderate application of nitrogen fertilizer when combined with green manure, can help alleviate soil acidification and increase urease activity. Specifically, the treatment with green manure provided in a 14.71-66.67% increase in urease activity compared to S2. Metagenomics sequencing results showed a decrease in diversity in S3, S4, S5, and S6 compared to S2, but the application of chemical fertilizer with green manure promoted an increase in the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi. In addition, the nitrification pathway displayed a progressive augmentation in tandem with the reduction in nitrogen fertilizer and application of green manure, reaching its zenith at S5. Conversely, other nitrogen metabolism pathways showed a decline in correlation with diminishing nitrogen fertilizer dosages. The rest of the treatments showed an increase in yield in comparison to S1, S5 showing significant differences (p < 0.05). In summary, although S2 demonstrate the ability to enhance soil microbial diversity, it is important to consider the long-term ecological impacts, and S5 may be a better choice.

Aplikasi Formulasi Kapur, Bahan Organik dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Kadar Aluminium dan Besi serta Pertumbuhan Jagung di Lahan Pasca-Tambang Batubara

The level of solubility of aluminum and iron metals in the soil is one of the post-coal mining land problems. The high solubility of Al and Fe can be toxic to plants, so that plants are difficult to grow. This study aims to reduce the solubility of Al and Fe using formulations of liming, organic matter, and NPK fertilizer and to examine their effects on the growth and height of corn in post-coal mining land. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor of ameliorant formulation. The treatment consisted of 10 treatments and was repeated three times, so there were 30 experimental units. The results showed that the application of ameliorant formulation of liming, organic matter, and NPK fertilizer had an effect on decreasing the solubility of Al and Fe in the soil and increasing the growth of corn in post-coal mining land. Soil that has been applied with K1 treatment (lime 3 t ha-1) can give the best results in reducing the solubility of Al and Fe metals in the soil. Application K2 treatment (giving organic matter 10 t ha-1), gave the best results for increasing the growth of corn in post-coal mining land. The best treatment for reducing Al and Fe soluble and increasing plant height growth was found in the treatment of lime 3 t ha-1 + organic matter 10 t ha-1 + NPK fertilizer 50 kg t ha-1, which was 0.42 (me 100g soil-1), 4.48 (ppm) and 108 (cm).     The conclusion of this research is that the application of lime formulations, organic materials and NPK fertilizer is able to reduce levels of Al-dd, soluble Fe in the soil and increase the height growth of corn plants. Dolomite is able to reduce Al-dd and Fe-soluble levels. The application of organic and inorganic fertilizers affects the growth of corn height.

Effect of NPK fertilizer and soil amendments of soybean productivity in saline soil

Salinity on agricultural land due to global warming occurs almost all over the world. Salinity stress was harmful to cultivated plants, including soybeans. Saline soils require the management of nutrients and water to reduce salt from the soil so that plants can grow optimally. This study aims to obtain effective doses of NPK fertilizers and soil amendments for soybean cultivation in saline soils. The research was conducted during the 2019 rainy and dry seasons in Lamongan and Tuban Regencies, East Java Province, Indonesia. The electrical conductivity (EC) of soil during the growing season was 5-12 dSm-1, with irrigation water was 6-7 dSm-1. The treatment consisted of NPK fertilizers, ameliorants: gypsum, manure, and straw mulch, which were arranged in a randomized block design and replicated 15 times. The results showed that the Anjasmoro variety of soybean productivity on saline in the Lamongan Regency during the rainy season was higher (90%) than in the Tuban Regency in the dry season. Application of NPK Fertilizer (46 kg N + 108 kg P2O5+ 60 kg K2O ha-1 + or 400 NPKS kg ha-1 with ameliorants (gypsum 1.5 t ha-1; manure 2.5-5.0 t ha-1 and straw mulch 3.5 t ha-1) have the potential to increase soybean yield up to 2 t ha-1 on saline soil.

Effectiveness of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallot

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallot. This research was carried out in Malang Regency on DS 2019, using of plot 3.5 m x 5 m with 9 treatments, using RBD, repeated 3 times. The treatment includes: A. Control, B. Half of Fertilization Recommended/HFR, C. HFR + NPK 2 g.l-1 water, D. HFR + NPK 4 g.l-1 water, E. HFR + NPK 6 g.l-1 water, F. Full of Fertilization Recommended/FFR, G. FFR + NPK 2 g.l-1 water, H. FFR + NPK 4 g.l-1 water, I. FFR + NPK 6 g.l-1 water. The results showed the application of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer as much as 6 g.l-1 water combined with 150 kg Urea.ha-1 +250 kg ZA.ha-1 +100 kg SP36.ha-1 +100 kg KCl.ha-1 (treatment E) obtained of dry tuber weight of 14.28 t.ha-1 with an R/C ratio of 4.10. Applying liquid of NPK (11-11-28) fertilizer on shallot plants can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers of full recommendation and is economically feasible.

The Effectiveness of Vermicompost and NPK Fertilizer Treatment on Cucumis melo L. Vegetative Growth

Melon is an annual plant, growing creeping with a stem length of about 3 meters. The vegetative and generative growth of melons is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors that affect the growth of melons include the abundance of nutrients in the growing media. Research has been carried out on the effectiveness of vermicompost and NPK fertilizer treatment on melon vegetative growth, with the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of vermicompost in increasing stem length, number, length and width of leaves and stem diameter of melons. effectiveness of NPK fertilizer in increasing stem length, number, length and width of leaves and stem diameter of melons. Effectiveness of the interaction of vermicompost and NPK fertilizer in stimulating melon growth. Growth parameters were measured when the melon was 28, 29 and 30 days after planting, the data obtained was analyzed using Anova. The results showed that vermicomposti is effective in increasing stem length, total and leaf length, but is not effective in increasing leaf width and stem diameter of melons. Application of NPK fertilizer is effective in increasing stem length, total leaves, leaf length, leaf width and stem diameter of melon. The interaction between vermicompost and NPK fertilizer was not effective in stimulating melon growth.

Growth and Yield of Three Soybean Cultivars on a Combination of Cow Manure and NPK Fertilizers on Sandy Land

Food security is an important issue and must be pursued by utilizing all potential resources. Sandy land is a potential resource to be developed as agricultural land due to the decline in fertile land. However, sandy land has a limiting factor for plant growth and yield, namely fertility. This research aimed to determine the effect of cow manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of three soybean varieties on sandy land. The research was conducted from January to May 2022 on sandy land in Bengkulu. Each experimental plot was arranged based on a randomized block design. The first factor was soybean cultivar, and the second was a combination of cow manure and NPK fertilizer doses. Each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that the three soybean varieties evaluated showed different characteristics due to genetic diversity. Applying a combination of organic fertilizers in all proportions did not significantly affect the growth and yield of soybeans except for the weight of 100 seeds. NPK fertilizer application showed better growth and yields.

Soil-Matric-Potential-Based Irrigation Scheduling to Increase Yield and Water Productivity of Okra

A field experiment was conducted on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) for assessing the sustainability of yield with optimum irrigation schedule based on soil moisture depletion. Four irrigation treatments: Irrigation at I1:20%, I2:30%, I3:40% and I4:50% of soil moisture depletion rate in main plots and three fertilizer treatments: Fertigation at F1:100%, F2:80% and F3:60% of recommended NPK (100:25:40 kg/ha) in subplots were tested. Soil matric potential was recorded continuously using electronic tensiometers. The soil moisture characteristics curve was derived for various soil matric potential value sand the soil water content. The irrigation controller triggered solenoid valves for irrigation when soil moisture depletion reached a prespecified level in each treatment. Soil moisture depletion values were significantly predicted based on a regression model calibrated for each treatment over the crop growing period. The model gave minimum prediction error (PE) for I1, followed by I2, I3 and I4, respectively. Plant growth and yield parameters were significantly influenced by the soil moisture availability under each treatment. It is recommended that irrigation be scheduled at 20% soil moisture depletion rate together with 100% NPK fertilizer application for attaining sustainable yield of okra (12.3 t/ha), apart from maximum WUE (3.5 kg/m3) and plant growth parameters under semiarid inceptisols.

Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Due to Application of Hormonic PGR and NPK Fertilizer

Tomatoes have high economic value with community demands increases every year. However, the productivity of tomatoes farmers in Indonesia can not meet the demands of Indonesian consumers. Efforts to solve low productivity in tomatoes cultivation can be made through certains cultivation techniques. The intention of this study is to acquire appropriate combination of “Hormonik” Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) concentrations and NPK fertilizer dosages for the optimum growth and yield of tomato plants. This study used a factorial experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor is Hormonik PGR concentrations (H) in 4 different treatment levels that consist of control variable (no PGR added) (H0), 6 ml/l (H1), 7 ml/l (H2), and 8 ml/l (H3). The second factor is NPK fertilizer dosages (N) in 4 different treatment levels that consist of 24 g/plant (N1), 32 g/plant (N2), 40 g/plant (N3), and 48 g/plant (N4). This study showed that combination of 6 ml/l Hormonik PGR and 40 g/plant of NPK fertilizer provide the highest number of fruits per plant by 49.0 and the weight of fruit per plant by 1,572.3 g. Keywords : Concentration of Hormonik PGR, Dose of NPK Fertilizer, Production, Tomato.

Impact of agro-ecological conditions and fertilization on yield and quality of triticale on pseudogley soil

The results of the study of the influence of fertilization and calcification on the yield and yield components of winter triticale grown on low pH soil are presented in this paper. Five variants of fertilization were tested during three growing seasons. Trial treatments included different fertilization variants: V1-control, V2-N120, V3-N120P80K60, V4-N120P80K60 + 5 t ha- 1 of lime and V5-N120P80K60 + 5 t ha-1 of lime + 30 t ha-1 of manure. The results of the research showed that all yield components responded positively to the application of mineral nutrition by changing the production characteristics and grain quality. The variant with the combined application of NPK, lime and manure had the greatest positive effect on all tested parameters affecting triticale productivity. During the study, the highest yield of triticale 5.826 t ha-1 was obtained on the fertilization variant with the combined application of lime, manure and NPK fertilizers. The achieved increase in the grain yield of triticale was significant compared to the control and the NPK variant of fertilization. Highly significant positive dependencies were found between the grain yield with 1000-grain weight, and test weight and significant positive dependencies were found between 1000-grain weight and test weight. The research highlighted the impact of different fertilizer treatments on the yield and grain quality traits of winter triticale.

The Growth Response of Propagules Rhizophora mucronata in Soaking Coconut Water and Applying NPK Fertilizer

Rhizophora mucronata is a mangrove plant that has the strongest root system and often chosen in mangrove forest rehabilitation. Planting Rhizophora mucronata often fails due to limited seed supply and poor seedling quality. This study aims to determine the growth response of Rhizophora mucronata propagules to coconut water immersion and NPK fertilizer. The research was conducted from February 2023 to June 2023 at the screenhouse of the Banten Agricultural Instrument Standardization Implementation Center (BPSIP) Banten. The research was arranged in a Randomized Group Design with three replications and consisted of two factors. The first factor is soaking treatment consisting of 2 levels, namely soaking without coconut water and soaking with coconut water. The second factor is the concentration of NPK fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely 0 g/plant, 9 g/plant, 12 g/plant, and 15 g/plant. The parameters observed were shoot emergence time (days), leaf emergence time (days), stem diameter (mm), number of roots (strands), and root length (cm). The results showed that coconut water soaking treatment gave results that significantly affected to stem diameter, number of roots and root length. The application of NPK fertilizer 9 g/plant gives results that significantly affected to shoot rupture time, leaf emergence time, number of roots, and root length.